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Inversión en comunicación de empresas a través de influencers, y medios en un contexto de crisis
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Autores
Berardi, Estefanía
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Universidad Siglo 21
Resumen
El presente manuscrito tuvo como objetivo analizar cómo se reconfiguraron las estrategias de marketing comunicacional de empresas argentinas en un contexto de crisis económica y transformación digital. La investigación alcanzó un enfoque mixto, con una primera etapa cualitativa exploratoria y una posterior fase descriptiva y cuantitativa. Se emplearon entrevistas en profundidad a ocho CEOs o responsables de marketing, complementadas con guías de observación aplicadas a las redes sociales institucionales y, al final, un cuestionario cuantitativo a 50 CEOs de empresas y marcas.
Los resultados indicaron una marcada migración desde los medios tradicionales hacia plataformas digitales, siendo Instagram, TikTok y YouTube los canales prioritarios. La inversión en publicidad tradicional disminuyó drásticamente, priorizándose la pauta digital, el marketing de contenidos y las colaboraciones con influencers. Las decisiones estuvieron guiadas por el comportamiento del consumidor digital, el uso de métricas, CRM e inteligencia artificial.
En la discusión, se evidenció que las empresas no solo adaptaron su inversión por cuestiones económicas, sino también por la necesidad de mayor segmentación, eficiencia y cercanía con el público. Las conclusiones destacaron: (1) la consolidación de estrategias digitales como respuesta al cambio en el consumo de medios; (2) la valoración de la eficiencia publicitaria a través de herramientas de medición; (3) la irrupción del prosumidor como nuevo actor clave en la comunicación; y (4) el rol fundamental de la personalización en la conexión marca–usuario.
This scientific manuscript aimed to analyze how marketing communication strategies of Argentine companies were reconfigured in a context of economic crisis and digital transformation. The research followed a mixed-methods approach, beginning with an exploratory qualitative phase and continuing with a descriptive stage and quantitative phase. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight CEOs or marketing managers, complemented by observation guides applied to institutional social media platforms. A quantitative questionnaire was also administered to 50 CEOs of companies and brands. The findings revealed a clear shift from traditional media to digital platforms, with Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube as top priorities. Investment in traditional advertising significantly decreased, while digital advertising, content marketing, and influencer collaborations gained relevance. Decision-making was guided by digital consumer behavior, the use of metrics, CRM, and artificial intelligence. In the discussion, it became evident that companies not only adapted their investment due to economic constraints but also due to the need for greater segmentation, efficiency, and closeness to their audiences. The conclusions highlighted: (1) the consolidation of digital strategies as a response to changing media consumption; (2) the value placed on advertising efficiency through measurement tools; (3) the emergence of the prosumer as a key actor in communication; and (4) the fundamental role of personalization in strengthening the brand–user connection.
This scientific manuscript aimed to analyze how marketing communication strategies of Argentine companies were reconfigured in a context of economic crisis and digital transformation. The research followed a mixed-methods approach, beginning with an exploratory qualitative phase and continuing with a descriptive stage and quantitative phase. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight CEOs or marketing managers, complemented by observation guides applied to institutional social media platforms. A quantitative questionnaire was also administered to 50 CEOs of companies and brands. The findings revealed a clear shift from traditional media to digital platforms, with Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube as top priorities. Investment in traditional advertising significantly decreased, while digital advertising, content marketing, and influencer collaborations gained relevance. Decision-making was guided by digital consumer behavior, the use of metrics, CRM, and artificial intelligence. In the discussion, it became evident that companies not only adapted their investment due to economic constraints but also due to the need for greater segmentation, efficiency, and closeness to their audiences. The conclusions highlighted: (1) the consolidation of digital strategies as a response to changing media consumption; (2) the value placed on advertising efficiency through measurement tools; (3) the emergence of the prosumer as a key actor in communication; and (4) the fundamental role of personalization in strengthening the brand–user connection.
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Comunicaciones, Marketing, Crisis, Estrategias, Redes sociales, Medios, Influencers