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Ansiedad social, habilidades sociales, expectativa de rechazo social y autoeficacia social en estudiantes universitarios
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Martinetto, Josefina
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Universidad Siglo 21
Resumen
La ansiedad o fobia social es el miedo intenso y desproporcionado ante la evaluación negativa en situaciones sociales. Esta, se puede presentar en jóvenes que atraviesan cambios significativos al iniciar una carrera universitaria. Frente a esto, dicha investigación analizó la relación entre la ansiedad social y las expectativas de rechazo social, la autoeficacia y las habilidades sociales en estudiantes universitarios, con la finalidad de poder identificar los factores que contribuyen al desarrollo y mantenimiento de la ansiedad social. Se implementó un diseño no experimental, de tipo transversal, de alcance correlacional y de enfoque cuantitativo. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de datos fueron el Cuestionario de Habilidades Sociales para Estudiantes Universitarios (CHS-U), Escala de Autoeficacia Social para Estudiantes Universitarios (EAS-U), Escala de Expectativas de Rechazo Social (EERS) y Test de Ansiedad Social para Estudiantes Universitarios (TAS-U). La muestra estuvo conformada por 86 estudiantes universitarios, comprendidos entre los 17 y 39 años, la media de edad en el estudio fue de 22.5 años. Los resultados mostraron una correlación positiva, significativa y directa entre la ansiedad social y las expectativas de rechazo social. Asimismo, se halló una relación negativa y directa entre la ansiedad social y las habilidades sociales y entre la ansiedad social y la autoeficacia social. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la ansiedad social vinculadas al género y al año de cursado. Finalmente, se discutieron los resultados obtenidos y las futuras líneas de investigación.
Abstract Social anxiety or social phobia refers to an intense and disproportionate fear of negative evaluation in social situations. It may arise in young people who face significant changes when starting a university degree. In this context, the present study analyzed the relationship between social anxiety and rejection expectations, social self-efficacy, and social skills among university students, with the aim of identifying the factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of social anxiety. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, and quantitative research design was employed. The instruments used for data collection were the Social Skills Questionnaire for University Students, the Social Self-Efficacy Scale for University Students, the Rejection Expectancy Scale, and the Social Anxiety Test for University Students. The sample consisted of 86 university students, aged between 17 and 39 years, with a mean age of 22.5. The results revealed a positive, significant, and direct correlation between social anxiety and rejection expectations. Likewise, a negative and significant correlation was found between social anxiety and both social skills and social self-efficacy. No statistically significant differences were found in social anxiety levels based on gender or year of study.
Abstract Social anxiety or social phobia refers to an intense and disproportionate fear of negative evaluation in social situations. It may arise in young people who face significant changes when starting a university degree. In this context, the present study analyzed the relationship between social anxiety and rejection expectations, social self-efficacy, and social skills among university students, with the aim of identifying the factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of social anxiety. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, and quantitative research design was employed. The instruments used for data collection were the Social Skills Questionnaire for University Students, the Social Self-Efficacy Scale for University Students, the Rejection Expectancy Scale, and the Social Anxiety Test for University Students. The sample consisted of 86 university students, aged between 17 and 39 years, with a mean age of 22.5. The results revealed a positive, significant, and direct correlation between social anxiety and rejection expectations. Likewise, a negative and significant correlation was found between social anxiety and both social skills and social self-efficacy. No statistically significant differences were found in social anxiety levels based on gender or year of study.
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Ansiedad Social, Habilidades sociales, Autoeficacia social, Universitarios