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Implementación de la Inteligencia Artificial en la Auditoría Externa
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Denegri Lucero, Carolina Sofia
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Universidad Siglo 21
Resumen
Este trabajo estudió la adaptación de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la auditoría externa en Argentina, enfocándose en su grado de implementación, utilidad, rendimiento y desafíos entre profesionales en el 2025. El análisis se elaboró desde una perspectiva mixta, integrando encuestas y entrevistas a contadores que llevan a cabo la auditoría externa. Se recurrió a un diseño observacional y transversal, a partir de una muestra de veinte especialistas. A su vez, se integraron referencias especializadas que avalaron el marco teórico. Los resultados indicaron que, si bien la adopción es temprana, numerosos expertos admiten la capacidad de la IA y han empezado a ejecutarla en labores como la automatización del procesamiento documental, la localización de irregularidades y la utilización de esquemas predictivos. Las técnicas más aplicadas abarcan RPA, Deep Learning, LLMs y KIE. Dentro de los beneficios sobresalieron la eficiencia, exactitud y reducción de fraudes, no obstante, se presentaron barreras que incluyeron la carencia de capacitación, los altos costos y la dificultad de adaptación. Se determinó que, pese a que la IA apunta a transformar la auditoría externa, su puesta en marcha exige capacitación constante, integración tecnológica y visión humana, con el fin de sacar provecho de manera responsable de su habilidad.
Abstract This paper studies the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in external auditing in Argentina, focusing on its degree of implementation, usefulness, performance, and challenges faced by professionals in 2025. The analysis was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, integrating surveys and interviews with accountants who perform external audits. An observational, cross-sectional design was used, based on a sample of twenty specialists. Specialized references were also integrated to support the theoretical framework. The results indicated that, although adoption is still early, numerous experts recognize the potential of AI and have begun to implement it in tasks such as document processing automation, irregularity detection, and the use of predictive models. The most widely applied techniques include RPA, Deep Learning, LLMs, and KIE. Among the benefits, efficiency, accuracy, and fraud reduction stood out; however, barriers included lack of training, high costs, and difficulty adapting. It was determined that, although AI aims to transform external auditing, its implementation requires ongoing training, technological integration, and human insight to responsibly leverage its capabilities.
Abstract This paper studies the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in external auditing in Argentina, focusing on its degree of implementation, usefulness, performance, and challenges faced by professionals in 2025. The analysis was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, integrating surveys and interviews with accountants who perform external audits. An observational, cross-sectional design was used, based on a sample of twenty specialists. Specialized references were also integrated to support the theoretical framework. The results indicated that, although adoption is still early, numerous experts recognize the potential of AI and have begun to implement it in tasks such as document processing automation, irregularity detection, and the use of predictive models. The most widely applied techniques include RPA, Deep Learning, LLMs, and KIE. Among the benefits, efficiency, accuracy, and fraud reduction stood out; however, barriers included lack of training, high costs, and difficulty adapting. It was determined that, although AI aims to transform external auditing, its implementation requires ongoing training, technological integration, and human insight to responsibly leverage its capabilities.
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Palabras clave
Inteligencia artificial, Auditoria, Tecnologías