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La Inteligencia Artificial en la Auditoría Externa: Avances, Desafíos y Oportunidades de Transformación
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Autores
Ruiz, Juan Ignacio
Olocco, Verónica
Baronio, Alfredo
Sattler, Silvana Andrea
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Universidad Siglo 21
Resumen
Esta investigación analiza la adopción de tecnologías de inteligencia artificial (IA) en la auditoría externa en Argentina. A través de un enfoque mixto y un diseño descriptivo, se relevaron datos entre agosto de 2024 y febrero de 2025, mediante encuestas y entrevistas a 236 profesionales contables. Aunque el 97 % conoce el concepto de IA, solo el 12 % la ha aplicado en auditoría externa. Las principales barreras detectadas fueron la falta de formación especializada, la escasa capacitación técnica y la resistencia al cambio. A pesar de ello, los encuestados reconocen beneficios como el ahorro de tiempo, la mejora en la detección de irregularidades y la mayor precisión en los resultados. El análisis multivariado reveló tres perfiles: profesionales jóvenes y formados que aplican IA; profesionales de mediana edad con actitud neutral; y profesionales mayores sin capacitación, aunque con disposición favorable. Se concluye que la adopción efectiva de IA exige superar obstáculos estructurales, regulatorios y culturales.
The study examines the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in external auditing in Argentina, identifying the factors that facilitate or inhibit their use. Using a mixed‐methods approach with a descriptive design, 236 accounting professionals were surveyed between August 2024 and February 2025, and the findings were enriched by semi‐structured interviews to explore their perceptions in greater depth. Although 97 % are familiar with the concept of AI, only 12 % incorporate it into their auditing practice. The main barriers include a lack of specialized training, insufficient technical upskilling, and resistance to change. Conversely, respondents value benefits such as time savings, enhanced accuracy, and improved detection of irregularities. Multivariate analysis revealed three user profiles: young innovators, neutral professionals, and older practitioners who are willing but lack training. The study concludes that fostering AI adoption requires targeted training programs, a robust regulatory framework, and an organizational culture that champions innovation.
The study examines the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in external auditing in Argentina, identifying the factors that facilitate or inhibit their use. Using a mixed‐methods approach with a descriptive design, 236 accounting professionals were surveyed between August 2024 and February 2025, and the findings were enriched by semi‐structured interviews to explore their perceptions in greater depth. Although 97 % are familiar with the concept of AI, only 12 % incorporate it into their auditing practice. The main barriers include a lack of specialized training, insufficient technical upskilling, and resistance to change. Conversely, respondents value benefits such as time savings, enhanced accuracy, and improved detection of irregularities. Multivariate analysis revealed three user profiles: young innovators, neutral professionals, and older practitioners who are willing but lack training. The study concludes that fostering AI adoption requires targeted training programs, a robust regulatory framework, and an organizational culture that champions innovation.
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Palabras clave
Inteligencia Artificial, Auditoria Externa, Artificial Intelligence, External Auditing, Professional Transformation, Technology Adoption