Investigación Psicología

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://repositorio.21.edu.ar/handle/ues21/19916

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A narrative review of emotion regulation process in stress and recovery phases
(Heliyon, 2021-06) Flores-Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel; Moretti, Luciana; Medrano, Leonardo Adrián
The difficulty in studying the relationship between stress and emotional regulation is due to the need to contemplate a dynamic perspective that analyzes the moderating role of stress. In fact, stress involves different phases or stages, and the neurocognitive processes involved in emotion regulation differ significantly between these phases. The period of anticipation of stressful events can be fundamental to understand the process of stress regulation; however, surprisingly few works have analyzed the differential activation of brain networks involved in cognitive regulation during the phases of stress and recovery. Taking this into consideration, within this study we propose to analyze in an integrated way the psychological and neurobiological processes during the phase of stress and recovery, with the aim of improving our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie successful and unsuccessful stress regulation. We consider that from the present review we contribute to achieve a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying successful and unsuccessful stress regulation would contribute to the improvement of prevention and treatment interventions for mental disorders. Extraído de: https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(21)01321-9?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2405844021013219%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
A nationwide cross-sectional study of workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impact of changes in working conditions, financial hardships, psychological detachment from work and work-family interface
(BMC Psychology, 2023) Trógolo, Mario Alberto; Moretti, Luciana Sofía; Medrano, Leonardo Adrián
The COVID-19 disease has changed people’s work and income. While recent evidence has documented the adverse impact of these changes on mental health outcomes, most research is focused on frontline healthcare workers and the reported association between income loss and mental health comes from high-income countries. In this study we examine the impact of changes in working conditions and income loss related to the COVID-19 lockdown on workers’ mental health in Argentina. We also explore the role of psychological detachment from work and work-family interaction in mental health. Extraído de: https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-022-00783-y
El afecto y sus dimensiones: contrastes de modelos ortogonales y oblicuos mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio de la escala panas
(LIBERABIT, 2016) Flores Kanter, Ezequiel; Medrano, Leonardo Adrian; Domínguez Lara, Sergio Alexis
Dentro de las mediciones mediante autorreporte, una de las escalas más mencionadas en la literatura científica sobre las emociones es la Escala de Afecto Positivo y Negativo (PANAS). Teniendo en cuenta las investigaciones precedentes, el presente trabajo tiene un objetivo principal, el de replicar en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios argentinos los hallazgos previos encontrados en otros países acerca de la dimensión factorial del PANAS. Para esto se utilizó el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio. Si bien en general los resultados permiten dar cuenta de las propiedades convergente, discriminante y jerárquica del Afecto propuestas por Watson (2000), no se logran corroborar del todo estos postulados. Así, se evidencia que las variables observables Alerta y Excitado presentan una ponderación cruzada, afectando el ajuste global de los modelos. Finalmente, el modelo trifactorial del Afecto es el que presenta mejores índices de ajustes, tanto para el caso oblicuo como ortogonal.
Análisis psicométrico del Cuestionario de Regulación Conductual de las Emociones en universitarios peruanos
(Acta Colombiana de Psicología, 2021-12) Sergio Dominguez, Lara; Candy Ariza, Cruz; Jhonatan S. Navarro, Loli; Medrano, Leonardo A.
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo traducir e identificar las propiedades psicométricas del Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ) en 315 universitarios de Lima, Perú, entre los 16 y 44 años (Medad = 21.31; DE edad = 3.39; 59.7 % hombres). Para la evaluación se aplicó el BERQ y el Inventario Multicultural de Depresión Estado Rasgo (IMUDER), y las evidencias de validez de la estructura interna se obtuvieron por medio de un análisis factorial confirmatorio y un modelamiento exploratorio de ecuaciones estructurales, mientras que las evidencias de validez en relación con otras variables se obtuvieron a través de un análisis de regresión lineal. Los resultados indican que la estructura pentafactorial se replica en la muestra peruana, que las estrategias adaptativas predicen significativamente el eutrés, y que las estrategias desadaptativas predicen el distrés; además, los valores de confiabilidad fueron aceptables. Al final se discuten aspectos teóricos y prácticos de los hallazgos y la importancia de continuar brindando evidencia para su utilización en diferentes poblaciones y contextos, teniendo en cuenta que esta la primera vez que se analiza una versión en español del BERQ. Extraído de: https://actacolombianapsicologia.ucatolica.edu.co/article/view/3218
Anxiety, Depression and Anger: Application of a Bifactor Model to Identify Common Symptoms
(Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 2021) Garcia-Batista, Zoilo Emilio; Guerra-Peña, Kiero; Flores-Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel; Morett, Luciana Sofía; Medrano, Leonardo Adrián
Anger manifestations, depression and anxiety are strongly related to individual´s discomfort and well-being. The aim of the present study is to investigate the fit of a bifactor model applied on emotional disposition measures emphasizing the specification of a general factor through the identification of specific responses or indicators that can account for the communality between depression, anxiety and anger. The results obtained show two large groups of indicators that would be common in these affective disposition types: affective and cognitive responses. On the one hand, affective responses include agitation, irritability, and tension or nervousness. On the other hand, cognitive symptoms are linked to the presence of repetitive worrying and uncontrollable thoughts. In this way, it is possible to identify a general stress response in this group of indicators. Extraído de: https://www.archivespp.pl/Anxiety-Depression-and-Anger-Application-nof-a-Bifactor-Model-to-Identify-Common,136354,0,2.html
Anxiety, Depression and Anger: Application of a Bifactor Model to Identify Common Symptoms
(Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 2021)
Anger manifestations, depression and anxiety are strongly related to individual´s discomfort and well-being. The aim of the present study is to investigate the fit of a bifactor model applied on emotional disposition measures emphasizing the specification of a general factor through the identification of specific responses or indicators that can account for the communality between depression, anxiety and anger. The results obtained show two large groups of indicators that would be common in these affective disposition types: affective and cognitive responses. On the one hand, affective responses include agitation, irritability, and tension or nervousness. On the other hand, cognitive symptoms are linked to the presence of repetitive worrying and uncontrollable thoughts. In this way, it is possible to identify a general stress response in this group of indicators. Extraído de: https://www.archivespp.pl/Anxiety-Depression-and-Anger-Application-nof-a-Bifactor-Model-to-Identify-Common,136354,0,2.html
Aproximación conceptual y práctica a los Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales
(Revista Digital de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria, 2017) Medrano, Leonardo Adrian; Muñoz Navarro, Roger
En el presente trabajo se expone una aproximación conceptual y práctica a los Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales o Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Los SEM están considerados entre las herramientas más potentes para el estudio de relaciones causales en datos no experimentales. Son una combinación del análisis factorial y la regresión múltiple y están compuestos por dos componentes: el modelo de medida y el modelo estructural. El modelo de medida describe la relación existente entre una serie de variables observables; mientras que en el modelo estructural se especifican las relaciones hipotetizadas entre las variables, es decir, se describen las relaciones entre las variables latentes mediante el uso de flechas. Llevar a cabo un SEM involucra cinco etapas: 1) Especificación del Modelo; 2) Identificación del Modelo; 3) Estimación del Modelo; 4) Evaluación del Modelo y 5) Re-especificación del Modelo. El presente artículo provee una serie de guías de “buenas prácticas” para realizar análisis SEM, con ejemplos utilizando el programa AMOS.
As Time goes by: A Longitudinal Study on the Mental Health of Argentinians during the COVID-19 Pandemic
(Trends in Psychology, 2023-03) Juric, Lorena Canet; Vernucci, Santiago; Andrés, María Laura; Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel Flores; Poó, Fernando; Yerro, Matías; del Valle, Macarena; López Morales, Hernán; Urquijo, Sebastián
COVID-19 mitigation measures such as lockdown and social distancing could have a negative impact on mental health. Understanding their impact is essential to mini mize adverse efects on individuals, families, and communities. This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and social isolation in the Argentinian population over time. An online survey evaluating anxi ety and depression symptoms, positive afect, and negative afect, was completed by 3,833 people at three diferent time points: immediately after the lockdown began, 12–15 days after the frst assessment, and after 47–51 days. Various socio-demo graphic factors were considered. A series of mixed repeated-measures ANOVAs were performed, with results showing signifcant increases over time (with small efect sizes) in anxiety, depression, negative afect, and a decrease in positive afect. Some socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, number of children, and edu cational level diferentially afected these changes. These results suggest that mental health and quality of life were negatively afected, making it essential to monitor emotional distress and other mental health problems in the population and encour age the implementation of support and containment devices to cope with these adverse efects. Extraído de: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43076-023-00285-9
Cambios en la ansiedad de los trabajadores de la salud durante dos momentos de la pandemia de COVID-19: Evidencia de un estudio longitudinal
(International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 2021-09) López Steinmetz, Lorena Cecilia; Herrera, Carla Romina; Bing Fong, Shao; Godoy, Juan Carlos
No hay evidencia sobre los cambios dentro de la persona en la salud mental de los trabajadores de la salud a lo largo de las oleadas de casos de COVID-19 durante esta pandemia. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar los cambios de ansiedad dentro de la persona en trabajadores de la salud argentinos, ajustando los principales factores demográficos, región de residencia, historial de trastornos mentales y contagio de COVID-19, durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Una encuesta web longitudinal ( N = 305) se realizó durante dos momentos de la pandemia, uno de los cuales fue un pico de infección. La ansiedad aumentó significativamente con el tiempo. Sin embargo, hubo efectos de interacción significativos que modularon los niveles de ansiedad. Los mayores aumentos de ansiedad ocurrieron en los trabajadores de la salud que no estaban seguros de haber contraído COVID-19 mientras tenían síntomas. Independientemente del momento, la ansiedad fue más alta en los trabajadores de la salud de una región del interior del país que no estaban seguros de haber contraído COVID-19, ya sea asintomático o sintomático. Un efecto de interacción entre el historial del trastorno mental y el contagio de COVID-19 sugirió que los resultados de ansiedad se debieron principalmente a la preocupación por el contagio de COVID-19, en lugar de a vulnerabilidades de salud mental preexistentes. Independientemente del punto de partida en los niveles de ansiedad, Se puede esperar un resultado de ansiedad creciente entre los trabajadores de la salud a medida que avanza la pandemia. La incertidumbre sobre el contagio de COVID-19 es un factor de interacción prevenible y modificable para producir los peores resultados de ansiedad entre los trabajadores de la salud. Extraído de: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8493950/
Conceptual and Practical Approach to Structural Equations Modeling
(Revista Digital de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria, 2017) Medrano, Leonardo Adrian; Muñoz Navarro, Roger
En el presente trabajo se expone una aproximación conceptual y práctica a los Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales o Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Los SEM están considerados entre las herramientas más potentes para el estudio de relaciones causales en datos no experimentales. Son una combinación del análisis factorial y la regresión múltiple y están compuestos por dos componentes: el modelo de medida y el modelo estructural. El modelo de medida describe la relación existente entre una serie de variables observables; mientras que en el modelo estructural se especifican las relaciones hipotetizadas entre las variables, es decir, se describen las relaciones entre las variables latentes mediante el uso de flechas. Llevar a cabo un SEM involucra cinco etapas: 1) Especificación del Modelo; 2) Identificación del Modelo; 3) Estimación del Modelo; 4) Evaluación del Modelo y 5) Re-especificación del Modelo. El presente artículo provee una serie de guías de “buenas prácticas” para realizar análisis SEM, con ejemplos utilizando el programa AMOS.
Construct Validity of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: Further Evidence Using Confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach
(Abnorm Behav Psychol, 2016) Medrano, Leonardo Adrian; Trógolo, Mario
The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) represents one of the most popular, comprehensive and well-established measure of emotion regulation, being widely used in clinical and nonclinical settings. Despite it widespread use, there is no agreement about the factorial structure and majority of prior research has been focused in replicate the original DERS model, while studies examining competing models are lacking. Thus, further examination is needed in order to ascertain the more appropriate factor structure. The present study sought to examine the latent factor structure of the DERS by testing several alternative models using a confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) strategy.
Contribution of Academic Satisfaction Judgments to Subjective Well-Being
(Frontiers in Psychology, 2022) Zalazar Jaime, Mauricio F.; Moretti, Luciana S.; Medrano, Leonardo A.
The role of academic satisfaction (AS) on persistence and successful academic behavior has been the focus of research for decades. Nevertheless, driven by positive educational psychology, subjective well-being has been highlighted as another central feature in the academic path of students. Studies aimed at identifying the variables that contribute to explain different aspects of academic performance have been widely investigated, although studies aimed at identifying the determinants of subjective well being are still limited. The present paper examined the contribution of AS judgments on subjective well-being (SWB). To this end, it was hypothesized that SWB levels depend on the balance between positive/negative emotions and life satisfaction judgments. Furthermore, it was stipulated that AS has an indirect contribution on SWB, through life satisfaction, whereas the balance of emotions influences both AS judgments and life satisfaction. Using an analysis strategy based on structural equation modeling, the results indicated that the model fitted satisfactorily, explaining 32% of the variance of SWB. Particularly, it was observed that AS judgments contributed to life satisfaction judgments (β = 0.34). Although no direct contribution of AS on SWB was reported, a total contribution partially mediated by life satisfaction judgments was revealed (total β = 0.19). These findings support the importance of academic satisfaction judgments, not only because of their importance in academic terms, but also because of their impact on university students’ subjective well-being and health. Extraído de: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.772346/full
Cost-Effectiveness and Cost-Utility Analysis of the Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Primary Care: PsicAP Clinical Trial. Description of the Sub-study Design
(Frontiers in Psychology, 2018) Ruíz Rodríguez, Paloma; Cano Vindel, Antonio; Muñoz Navarro, Roger; Mae Wood, Cristina; Medrano, Leonardo Adrian; Moretti, Luciana Sofía
In the primary care (PC) setting in Spain, the prevalence of emotional disorders (EDs) such as anxiety, depression and somatoform disorder is high. In PC patients, these disorders are not always managed in accordance with the recommendations provided by clinical practice guidelines, resulting in major direct and indirect economic costs and suboptimal treatment outcomes. The aim is to analyze and compare the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of group-based psychological therapy versus treatment as usual (TAU).
COVID-19 pandemic and health worker stress: The mediating effect of emotional regulation
(PLoS ONE, 2021-11) García-Batista, Zoilo Emilio; Guerra-Peña, Kiero; Nouri Kandany, Vahid; Marte, María Isabel; Garrido, Luis Eduardo; Cantisano-Guzmán, Luisa Marilia; Moretti, Luciana; Medrano, Leonardo Adrián
Psychological and physical well-being of health personnel has been significantly affected by COVID-19. Work overload and continuous exposure to positive COVID-19 cases have caused them fatigue, stress, anxiety, insomnia and other detriments. This research aims: 1) to analyze whether the use of cognitive reevaluation and emotional suppression strategies decreases and increases, respectively, stress levels of health personnel; 2) to quantify the impact of contact with patients with COVID-19 on stress levels of medical staff. Extraído de: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0259013
Design and validation of virtual environments for the treatment of cleaning obsessive-compulsive disorder
(Heliyon, 2022-12) García-Batista, Zoilo Emilio; Guerra-Peña, Kiero; Alsina-Jurnet, Ivan; Cano-Vindel, Antonio; Álvarez-Hernández, Adriana; Cantisano-Guzmán, Luisa Marilia; Bordas-Puras, Marlia; Moretti, Luciana; Medrano, Leonardo Adrián
During the coronavirus outbreak, it was noted that pre-existing psychological illnesses worsened, and numerous research indicate that those with contamination-related obsessions and cleaning compulsions (C-OCD) may be more affected. Virtual Reality (VR) and other immersive technologies have shown to be effective for the treatment of disorders related to anxiety, thus showing their potential to transform OCD treatment by means of integrating virtual elements. VR exposure has shown benefits compared to live or imagined exposure, however, to be effective it must be able to elicit high emotional arousal in users. Based on this, the present work aimed to develop different virtual environments scenarios and evaluate their efficacy in generating an emotional response in people with C-OCD symptoms. Based on the literature review, two virtual scenarios were created (dirty public bathroom and unhygienic kitchen). Subsequently, two groups were then constituted: C-OCD group (n = 20, aged between 18 and 48 years) characterized by an obtained score of more than 13 points (cut-point) in the Yale-Brown Scale for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (Y-BOCS) and by showing C-OCD symptoms when doing the structured interview (SCID-I), and a control group (n = 20, aged between 18 and 56 years), all participants were residents of the Dominican Republic. Exposure to the virtual environments generated high levels of state and subjective anxiety in both groups, although significantly higher in the C-OCD group. The results obtained indicate that the VR scenarios developed are suitable for eliciting emotional responses and, consequently, that they can be used to complement the treatment of C-OCD. Extraído de: https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(22)03775-6?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2405844022037756%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
Los efectos de la inducción de estados emocionales positivos y negativos sobre las creencias de autoeficacia académica de estudiantes universitarios
(Psicología Educativa. Elsevier, 2016) Medrano, Leonardo Adrian; Flores Kanter, Ezequiel; Moretti, Luciana; Perenoa, Germán Leandro
Numerosos estudios han examinado la relación entre emociones positivas y negativas y autoeficacia, aunque consideramos que algunos aspectos teóricos y metodológicos no son contemplados. En este estudio se incluyen como covariables las dificultades en la regulación emocional de los participantes. Así, analizamos algunos factores que pueden producir la ausencia de congruencia afectiva. Se llevó a cabo un diseño experimental que considera como una variable independiente el tipo de emoción inducida (positiva vs negativa). La manipulación de esta variable se efectuó a través de la exposición combinada de película/música. Los resultados sugieren que la inducción de estados de ánimo positivos y negativos aumentan y disminuyen, respectivamente, los niveles de autoeficacia. Esto solo fue observado en participantes que demostraron una condición de ánimo intenso o aumentado y en aquellos ítems atípicos o poco seguros. Concluimos que la inducción de estados de ánimo positivos y negativos aumenta y disminuye, respectivamente, los niveles de autoeficacia académica en estudiantes universitarios. La dificultad en la regulación emocional modula el efecto de la inducción del estado de ánimo.
Empirical Evidence for a Socio-Cognitive Model of Academic Satisfaction: A Review and Meta-Analysis Approach
(Universidad Siglo 21, 2017) Flores Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel; Losano, Maria Cecilia; Moretti, Luciana Sofia; Medrano, Leonardo Adrian
The study of Academic Satisfaction (AS) has increased as researchers and educators recognized AS as a key variable to explain problems regarding academic performance, motivation and retention. Moreover, actual research sustains the importance of studying the role of AS and to analyze the factors that promote it. The elaboration of AS judgments is a complex process that involves different variables. In this paper, a review is presented in order to display the individual contribution of every factor in Lent’s AS model. The main purpose is to provide a summary of empirical investigations of the interrelation of the proposed factors, which will enable researchers to reach conclusions about the fit of the model. The collected evidence in this study justifies each of the assumptions made in Lent´s AS model. The meta-analysis is consistent with these findings.
Estado anímico y juicios de satisfacción académica: infusión afectiva analizada mediante redes semánticas
(Revista de Estudios e Investigación en Psicología y Educación, 2017) Flores Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel; Rossi, Silvia Adriana; Llamas, Julieta; Medrano, Leonardo Adrian
La Satisfacción Académica ha demostrado ser una variable clave para comprender y promover el comportamiento académico óptimo en la población universitaria. Diferentes investigaciones han demostrado además que los juicios de satisfacción, al igual que otros juicios sociales, no reflejan necesariamente estados internos estables. Por el contrario, estarían sujetos a una variedad de influencias transitorias, como pueden ser los estados anímicos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal verificar la relación entre el estado de ánimo y los juicios de satisfacción académica en estudiantes universitarios. La muestra fue dividida en dos grupos en función del estado de ánimo predominante (grupo de afecto negativo intenso n = 46 y grupo afecto positivo intenso n = 48), comparando luego los grupos respecto a la satisfacción académica. Mientras el estado de ánimo se midió con la escala PANAS, los juicios de satisfacción se obtuvieron mediante la Técnica de Redes Semánticas Naturales. Consistentemente con la Teoría de la Red Asociativa y el Modelo de Procesamiento de la Información, los resultados muestran que la elaboración cognitiva de la satisfacción académica varía de manera congruente con el estado anímico predominante en los estudiantes. Se discuten las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio.
EVALUATION OF AN ACADEMIC SATISFACTION MODEL FOR FIRST-YEAR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
(Journal of Psychological and Educational Research JPER, 2017) Zalazar Jaime, Mauricio Federico; Losano, Maria Cecilia; Moretti, Luciana Sofía; Medrano, Leonardo Adrian
In Argentina, when enrolling in higher education students are confronted with a series of challenges that can affect both their academic performance and psychological wellbeing. In addition to this, it has been shown that the highest academic dropout rate in Argentine public universities occurs during the first year of study. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the Academic Satisfaction model in a first-year university student population in Argentina, since said construct has proven to be a key contribution with regards to academic behavior (Özgüngör, 2010). 682 first-year university students participated in this study, mainly women (55.1%) and first-year students under the age of 20 (M=20.91; SD=5.39). The results supported what the original Academic Satisfaction model (Lent, 2004) proposed, demonstrating significant contributions on all paths. However, the relationship between perceived support for goal progress and outcome expectations were not replicated. In general terms, the model presented an optimal fit, showing that the proposed model adequately explains the process for forming opinions about Academic Satisfaction in the first-year university student population in Argentina.
Evaluation of an academic satisfaction model in E-learning education contexts
(Interactive Learning Environments, 2021-08) Zalazar-Jaime, Mauricio Federico; Moretti, Luciana Sofía; García-Batista, Zoilo Emilio; Medrano, Leonardo Adrián
The urgent imperative to “move online”, caused by the recent Covid-19 pandemic, has led to an in-depth study of the psychological factors involved in designing successful online learning experiences. The social-cognitive model of academic satisfaction has been widely researched in conventional educational contexts in different countries. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the adequacy of this model in e-learning education contexts. The method used was path analysis, including as independent variables: social support, informational support, self-efficacy, outcome expectations and progress in goals. The results indicated that the model adjusted satisfactorily, explaining 45% of the variance in academic satisfaction. As a specific finding of this study, in an e-learning context, it can be mentioned that a greater contribution of socio-emotional support was demonstrated with respect to informational support. On the other hand, a weak contribution of outcome expectations on academic satisfaction was verified, aspect that requires furthers research and the development of specific measures for e-learning education context. In summary, the results of this research together provide preliminary evidence favorable to the social-cognitive model of academic satisfaction in virtual environments of university education. Extraído de: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10494820.2021.1979047

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